MAIZE
|
Tall annual cereal
grass bearing kernels on large ears: widely cultivated in America in
many varieties; the principal cereal in Mexico and Central and South
America since pre-Columbian times.
Varieties of Maize
- Dent corn
- Flint corn
- Popcorn
- Flour corn
- Sweet corn
- Pod corn
India in World Maize Industry
| Country |
Metric
Ton |
| 1995 |
2000 |
2003 |
| Argentina |
11,404,041 |
16,781,400 |
15,040,000 |
| Brazil |
36,266,952 |
31,879,392 |
47,809,300 |
| China |
112,361,571 |
106,178,315 |
114,175,000 |
| France |
12,739,600 |
16,018,353 |
11,898,000 |
| India |
9,534,000 |
12,043,200 |
14,800,000 |
| Indonesia |
8,245,902 |
9,677,000 |
10,910,104 |
| Italy |
8,454,200 |
10,137,500 |
8,978,180 |
| Nigeria |
6,931,000 |
4,107,000 |
5,150,000 |
| Romania |
9,923,132 |
4,898,000 |
9,576,985 |
| South
Africa |
4,866,000 |
11,431,183 |
9,714,254 |
| Ukraine |
3,391,800 |
3,848,100 |
6,900,000 |
| United
States of America |
187,968,992 |
251,854,000 |
256,904,560 |
ALL-INDIA AREA, PRODUCTION AND YIELD OF MAIZE
| YEAR |
AREA
(M.HECTS) |
PRODUCTION
(M.TONNES) |
YIELD
(KGS/HECT) |
%
COVERAGE
UNDER IRRIGATION |
| 1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
| 1949-50 |
3.26 |
2.05 |
627 |
12.8 |
| 1950-51 |
3.16 |
1.73 |
547 |
11.4 |
| 1951-52 |
3.31 |
2.08 |
627 |
16.4 |
| 1952-53 |
3.61 |
2.87 |
796 |
14 |
| 1953-54 |
3.87 |
3.04 |
785 |
11.5 |
| 1954-55 |
3.75 |
2.98 |
794 |
14.6 |
| 1955-56 |
3.7 |
2.6 |
704 |
11.8 |
| 1956-57 |
3.76 |
3.08 |
819 |
13.1 |
| 1957-58 |
4.08 |
3.15 |
772 |
13.4 |
| 1958-59 |
4.27 |
3.46 |
812 |
10.5 |
| 1959-60 |
4.34 |
4.07 |
938 |
9.9 |
| 1960-61 |
4.41 |
4.08 |
926 |
12.6 |
| 1961-62 |
4.51 |
4.31 |
957 |
9.5 |
| 1962-63 |
4.64 |
4.61 |
992 |
11.5 |
| 1963-64 |
4.58 |
4.56 |
995 |
11.4 |
| 1964-65 |
4.62 |
4.66 |
1010 |
12.1 |
| 1965-66 |
4.8 |
4.82 |
1005 |
16.1 |
| 1966-67 |
5.07 |
4.89 |
964 |
15.6 |
| 1967-68 |
5.58 |
6.27 |
1123 |
11.9 |
| 1968-69 |
5.72 |
5.7 |
997 |
19.5 |
| 1969-70 |
5.86 |
5.67 |
968 |
18.2 |
| 1970-71 |
5.85 |
7.49 |
1279 |
15.9 |
| 1971-72 |
5.67 |
5.1 |
900 |
14.3 |
| 1972-73 |
5.84 |
6.39 |
1094 |
18.8 |
| 1973-74 |
6.02 |
5.8 |
965 |
14.7 |
| 1974-75 |
5.86 |
5.56 |
948 |
21 |
| 1975-76 |
6.03 |
7.26 |
1203 |
16.2 |
| 1976-77 |
6 |
6.36 |
1060 |
17.7 |
| 1977-78 |
5.68 |
5.97 |
1051 |
16.3 |
| 1978-79 |
5.76 |
6.2 |
1076 |
16.3 |
| 1979-80 |
5.72 |
5.6 |
979 |
24 |
| 1980-81 |
6.01 |
6.96 |
1159 |
20.1 |
| 1981-82 |
5.94 |
6.9 |
1162 |
19.8 |
| 1982-83 |
5.72 |
6.55 |
1145 |
21.7 |
| 1983-84 |
5.86 |
7.92 |
1352 |
16.9 |
| 1984-85 |
5.8 |
8.44 |
1456 |
17.5 |
| 1985-86 |
5.8 |
6.64 |
1146 |
18.7 |
| 1986-87 |
5.92 |
7.59 |
1282 |
21.2 |
| 1987-88 |
5.56 |
5.72 |
1029 |
21.2 |
| 1988-89 |
5.9 |
8.23 |
1395 |
21 |
| 1989-90 |
5.92 |
9.65 |
1632 |
20.8 |
| 1990-91 |
5.9 |
8.96 |
1518 |
19.7 |
| 1991-92 |
5.86 |
8.06 |
1376 |
22.5 |
| 1992-93 |
5.96 |
9.99 |
1676 |
21.6 |
| 1993-94 |
6 |
9.6 |
1602 |
22.6 |
| 1994-95 |
6.14 |
8.88 |
1570 |
20.5 |
| 1995-96 |
5.98 |
9.53 |
1595 |
22.7 |
| 1996-97 |
6.26 |
10.77 |
1720 |
|
| 1997-98 |
6.31 |
10.85 |
1721 |
|
STATE-WISE AREA, PRODUCTION AND YIELD OF MAIZE
| 1997-98 |
| STATE |
AREA
(M. HECTS) |
% OF TOTAL
AREA |
PRODUCTION
(M.TONNES) |
% OF TOTAL
PRODUCTION |
YIELD
(KGS/HECT) |
%COVERAGE
UNDER IRRIGATION
(1995-96) |
| 1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
12 |
| ANDHRA
PRADESH |
0.4 |
6.3 |
1.08 |
10 |
2737 |
34.2 |
| BIHAR |
0.69 |
10.9 |
1.17 |
10.8 |
1703 |
40 |
| GUJARAT |
0.4 |
6.3 |
0.66 |
6.1 |
1646 |
9.6 |
| HIMACHAL
PRADESH |
0.31 |
4.9 |
0.62 |
5.7 |
1990 |
7.5 |
| JAMMU
& KASHMIR |
0.31 |
4.9 |
0.44 |
4.1 |
1418 |
5.9 |
| KARNATAKA |
0.56 |
8.9 |
1.67 |
15.4 |
2984 |
65.2 |
| MADHYA
PRADESH |
0.83 |
13.2 |
1.1 |
10.1 |
1318 |
1.3 |
Factors that Affects Maize Prices
- Role of weather in crop production
is immense. Temperature, rainfall and soil moisture are the
important parameters that determine the crop condition. Further,
natural calamities like typhoon, floods, droughts and earthquake can
also affect crops. Markets keep watch of these developments.
- Changes in the minimum support
prices (MSP) by the government also have immense impact on the
prices of the commodity.
- Availability of substitute
products at cheaper rate may lead to weakness in demand. This
situation happens especially when the main products price tends to
become higher. For e.g., jowar/ bajra may be preferred by poultry
feed manufacturers instead of maize, if its prices are high
- Breakthrough in the technology may
increase the productivity and would lead to more supply. This may
bring some softness in the price.
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